• Cerebrum: This is the largest part of the brain. It handles thinking, memory, speech, and voluntary movement, and it processes information from your five senses. It splits into left and right hemispheres and features an outer layer called the cerebral cortex. The cortex divides into four lobes:
• Frontal lobe: Manages reasoning, planning, problem-solving, emotions, and voluntary movement.
• Parietal lobe: Processes touch, temperature, pain, and spatial awareness.
• Temporal lobe: Handles hearing, language comprehension, and memory storage.
• Occipital lobe: Processes visual information from your eyes.
• Cerebellum: Located at the back and bottom of the brain, this region controls balance, posture, and the coordination of voluntary movements.
• Brainstem: Sitting at the base of the brain and connecting to the spinal cord, this area manages automatic, life-sustaining functions like breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and swallowing. It contains three main sections:
• Midbrain: Controls eye movement and auditory/visual reflexes.
• Pons: Relays messages between the cerebrum and cerebellum.
• Medulla oblongata: Regulates heartbeat, breathing, and blood circulation.